El texto de magia más antiguo del mundo
El libro, escrito por el mejor amigo de Leonardo y que es un manual con trucos de naipes y puzzles numéricos, acaba de ser traducido al inglés
ELPAIS.com - Madrid - 11/04/2007
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El matemático estadounidense David Singmaster, famoso por haber resuelto el cubo de Rubik, consultaba hace unos años un manuscrito del siglo XIX en el que aparecía una referencia a un antiguo compendio de prestidigitación del Renacimiento. La pista le llevó a los archivos de la Universidad de Bolonia, donde halló el libro, que resultó ser el texto de magia más antiguo del mundo, De viribus quantitatis (Sobre el poder de los números), que contiene trucos de naipes y puzzles numéricos, y que ha permanecido almacenado durante 500 años.
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Su autor fue Luca Pacioli (1445-1514?/1517?), un monje franciscano que compartió alojamiento e ideas con Leonardo da Vinci, y que se supone que ayudó al artista a pintar La última cena, según el rotativo inglés The Guardian. El texto acaba de ser traducido al inglés por primera vez. "Funda no sólo la magia moderna sino también los puzzles numéricos", ha comentado Singmaster. "No sabemos por qué, pero este importante texto ha estado oculto en la Universidad de Bolonia, suponemos que desde los tiempos de Pacioli", ha añadido.
Pacioli lo escribió en italiano entre 1496 y 1508 y contiene la primera referencia a los juegos de naipes e instrucciones para efectuar malabares, tragar fuego, introducir las manos en plomo fundido y hacer que unas monedas bailen. Y, como curiosidad, anota la primera mención de que Leonardo era zurdo.
El texto no se había publicado hasta ahora y desde la Edad Media sólo lo han podido consultar unos pocos eruditos que han accedido a los archivos de la universidad. Han sido necesarios ocho años de trabajo, varios traductores y miles de libras para verter el texto al inglés. El dinero lo ha puesto el Centro de investigación de las artes del conjuro de Nueva York. Su fundador ha señalado que el volumen de Pacioli "es el primer gran manual que se ocupa de enseñar cómo ejecutar la magia".
"La fuentes sobre métodos mágicos se remontan al menos el siglo primero, pero este libro no sólo enseña los trucos sino que también da una idea sobre cómo se deben representar para entretener al público", ha señalado.
Convivencia con Leonardo en Milán
Pacioli, nacido en Toscana en 1445, era profesor de matemáticas itinerante y conoció a Da Vinci en Milán en 1496, con el que convivió durante varios años. Pacioli le enseñó matemáticas y geometría, e incluso colaboró con él en muchos proyectos, incluido De divina proportione (1509), que ilustró el propio artista. A Pacioli también se le atribuye la paternidad de la contabilidad de doble entrada, la técnica básica de la contabilidad moderna, gracias a su libro Summa.
El volumen está dividido en problemas matemáticos, puzzles y trucos, y versos y proverbios. Incluye instrucciones sobre cómo escribir en código o trazar versos en los pétalos de una rosa, lavarse las manos en plomo fundido y hacer bailar un huevo sobre una mesa, y también muestra algunos de los primeros ejemplos de puzzles numéricos de Europa. El mismo Pacioli señala en el libro es una recopilación de informaciones de obras anteriores, algunas del propio Leonardo. Lori Pieper, la principal traductora del manuscrito, ha precisado que la relación creativa entre Da Vinci y Pacioli fue recíproca: el franciscano "también proporcionó invenciones a Leonardo", señala, "aprendieron el uno del otro".
El manuscrito revela una anécdota inédita sobre Da Vinci. "Leonardo trabajaba como arquitecto e ingeniero general para César Borgia (el hijo ilegítimo del papa Alejandro VI), que pretendía establecer un nuevo Estado en Italia [que unificara todos los territorios] en 1502. Durante un viaje se encontraron ante un río y Da Vinci discurrió rápidamente la manera de utilizar troncos para construir un puente; es la primera vez que oímos hablar de esta historia", explica Carlo Pedretti, un destacado historiador del arte, que estudió el texto original en Bolonia en 1954.
"Es un documento muy importante. Muestra cuánto le gustaban a Da Vinci los juegos y los trucos, pero sólo si tenían una base científica. También es un texto muy importante desde el punto de vista de su trabajo, ya que menciona La última cena", añade Pedretti.
The text of magic world's oldest
The book, written by the best friend of Leonardo and that is a manual with tips for playing cards and numerical puzzles, has just been translated into English
ELPAIS.com - Madrid - 11/04/2007
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The American mathematician David Singmaster, famous for having solved the Rubik cube, consulted a few years ago a manuscript of the nineteenth century in which appeared a reference to an ancient compendium of prestidigitation Renaissance. The trail led him to the archives of the University of Bologna, where he found the book, which turned out to be the text of magic world's oldest, De viribus quantitatis (On the power of numbers), which contains tricks of cards and numerical puzzles , And which has remained stored for 500 years.
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Its author was Luca Pacioli (1445-1514? / 1517?), A Franciscan monk who shared accommodation and ideas with Leonardo da Vinci, and it is supposed that helped the artist to paint The Last Supper, according to The Guardian rotary English. The text has just been translated into English for the first time. "He founded the magic not only modern but also numerical puzzles," Singmaster said. "We do not know why, but this important text has been hidden at the University of Bologna, we assume that since the time of Pacioli," he added.
Pacioli was written in Italian between 1496 and 1508 and contains the first reference to games of cards and instructions for making juggling, swallowing fire, introduce their hands in molten lead and make a few coins dance. And as curiosity, write the first indication that Leonardo was left-handed.
The text was not published until now and since the Middle Ages they have only seen a few scholars who have agreed to the archives of the university. It has taken eight years of work, several translators and thousands of pounds to dump the text into English. The money has made the Centre for Investigation of arts spell in New York. Its founder has indicated that the volume of Pacioli "is the first major manual that deals with teaching how to run the magic."
"The sources of magic methods go back at least the first century, but this book not only teaches the tricks but also gives an idea on how to pose to entertain the public," said.
Coexistence with Leonardo in Milan
Pacioli, born in Tuscany in 1445, was professor of mathematics and met itinerant ranch in Milan in 1496, which lived for several years. Pacioli he taught mathematics and geometry, and even collaborated with him on many projects, including De divine proportion (1509), which illustrated the artist himself. A Pacioli also assigned the authorship of the double-entry accounting, the basic technique of modern accounting system, thanks to his book Summa.
The volume is divided into mathematical problems, puzzles and tricks, and verses and proverbs. It includes instructions on how to write in code or draw lines in the petals of a rose, wash your hands in molten lead and make an egg dance on a table, and also shows some of the first examples of numerical puzzles of Europe. The same Pacioli noted in the book is a compilation of information from previous works, some of Leonardo himself. Lori Pieper, the leading translator of the manuscript, which has clarified the relationship between creative Da Vinci and Pacioli was mutual: the Franciscan "also provided inventions to Leonardo," he says, "learned from each other."
The unpublished manuscript reveals an anecdote about Da Vinci. "Leonardo was working as the general architect and engineer for Cesare Borgia (the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI), which aimed to establish a new state in Italy [to unify all territories] in 1502. During a trip found themselves facing a river and Da Vinci discurrió quickly how to use logs to build a bridge, is the first time we hear about this story, "says Carlo Pedretti, a leading art historian who studied the original text in Bologna in 1954.
"It's a very important document. It shows how much he liked the ranch to the games and tricks, but only if they had a scientific basis. It is also a very important from the standpoint of their work, since mentions The Last Supper" Adds Pedretti.
The book, written by the best friend of Leonardo and that is a manual with tips for playing cards and numerical puzzles, has just been translated into English
ELPAIS.com - Madrid - 11/04/2007
Vote
Without Result interésPoco interesanteDe interésMuy interesanteImprescindible 103 votes
Print Email
The American mathematician David Singmaster, famous for having solved the Rubik cube, consulted a few years ago a manuscript of the nineteenth century in which appeared a reference to an ancient compendium of prestidigitation Renaissance. The trail led him to the archives of the University of Bologna, where he found the book, which turned out to be the text of magic world's oldest, De viribus quantitatis (On the power of numbers), which contains tricks of cards and numerical puzzles , And which has remained stored for 500 years.
The news on other websites
* Sites in Spanish
* In other languages
* Blogs that link here
Its author was Luca Pacioli (1445-1514? / 1517?), A Franciscan monk who shared accommodation and ideas with Leonardo da Vinci, and it is supposed that helped the artist to paint The Last Supper, according to The Guardian rotary English. The text has just been translated into English for the first time. "He founded the magic not only modern but also numerical puzzles," Singmaster said. "We do not know why, but this important text has been hidden at the University of Bologna, we assume that since the time of Pacioli," he added.
Pacioli was written in Italian between 1496 and 1508 and contains the first reference to games of cards and instructions for making juggling, swallowing fire, introduce their hands in molten lead and make a few coins dance. And as curiosity, write the first indication that Leonardo was left-handed.
The text was not published until now and since the Middle Ages they have only seen a few scholars who have agreed to the archives of the university. It has taken eight years of work, several translators and thousands of pounds to dump the text into English. The money has made the Centre for Investigation of arts spell in New York. Its founder has indicated that the volume of Pacioli "is the first major manual that deals with teaching how to run the magic."
"The sources of magic methods go back at least the first century, but this book not only teaches the tricks but also gives an idea on how to pose to entertain the public," said.
Coexistence with Leonardo in Milan
Pacioli, born in Tuscany in 1445, was professor of mathematics and met itinerant ranch in Milan in 1496, which lived for several years. Pacioli he taught mathematics and geometry, and even collaborated with him on many projects, including De divine proportion (1509), which illustrated the artist himself. A Pacioli also assigned the authorship of the double-entry accounting, the basic technique of modern accounting system, thanks to his book Summa.
The volume is divided into mathematical problems, puzzles and tricks, and verses and proverbs. It includes instructions on how to write in code or draw lines in the petals of a rose, wash your hands in molten lead and make an egg dance on a table, and also shows some of the first examples of numerical puzzles of Europe. The same Pacioli noted in the book is a compilation of information from previous works, some of Leonardo himself. Lori Pieper, the leading translator of the manuscript, which has clarified the relationship between creative Da Vinci and Pacioli was mutual: the Franciscan "also provided inventions to Leonardo," he says, "learned from each other."
The unpublished manuscript reveals an anecdote about Da Vinci. "Leonardo was working as the general architect and engineer for Cesare Borgia (the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI), which aimed to establish a new state in Italy [to unify all territories] in 1502. During a trip found themselves facing a river and Da Vinci discurrió quickly how to use logs to build a bridge, is the first time we hear about this story, "says Carlo Pedretti, a leading art historian who studied the original text in Bologna in 1954.
"It's a very important document. It shows how much he liked the ranch to the games and tricks, but only if they had a scientific basis. It is also a very important from the standpoint of their work, since mentions The Last Supper" Adds Pedretti.
fuente: http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/texto/magia/antiguo/mundo/elpepucul/20070411elpepucul_1/Tes
